Альтернативная история AMD и индустрии информационных технологий


1992 – all-IBM 32-bit OS/2 2.0, renamed as OS2. Agreement on Win-OS/2 library (low licencing fee and future support)
1993 – OS/2 for Windows, выделение OS2. PCsoft division и создание с WordPerfect и Lotus (1-2-3, Notes) фирмы [альянс-конкурент MS], agreement on office file formats compatibility. Интеграция с Unix. HPFS, JFS. Community-friendly policy.
Интеграция с корпоративными решениями IBM, Sun Java, Google. OpenGL support. Антимонопольное расследование против MS(->снижение давления на OEM). Минимизация изменений при портировании на PowerPC.
1993 – first Am486’s, joint venture Fujitsu AMD Semiconductor Limited, or Spansion
1994 – OS2 Warp (3.0) (multimedia,TCP/IP,web browser), MSOffice 4,PerfectOffice 1
1994, start – AMD aquires [Nexgen or] Nx686 assets (RISC86 ALU core) and team, AMD’s team helps with conveyered FPU&P5 bus& production implementation), Compaq and AMD form long-term alliance, Am486DX5-120/133 16KbL1, Am5x86(K5)-75-133 (Am486DX5 core+32Kb L1 on P5 bus)
1995 – Large-scale production begins at Fab 25, AMD 6x86[K6] (32KbL1+обычный FPU), PentiumPro, неудачи и задержки с контрактным производством Cyrix
1995 – Win95, WarpConnect (LAN, file/printer sharing, Apache,[voice], skins, multiuser support, внедрение OpenGL, стимулирование создания third-party soft and free soft)

1996 – Dirk Meyer (21264) начинает работу над Alpha-like K7 CPU, помощь с конвейеризацией K6’s FPU. Команда Nexgen помогает адаптировать RISC Alpha к x86 (опыт RISC86).
AMD участвует в NGIO, FIO, создает с DEC и Compaq HyperTransport: модель программирования – PCI (IRQ, DMA), LVDS peer-peer proc-proc[chipset] serial scalable high-speed packet-switched bus, chain topology, DDR. Coherent interprocessor mode – low latency, cash coherency. Based on IEEE 1596.3-1996 SCI-LVDS (Scalable Coherent Interface). Partially free specifications for chipset/peripheral implementation-only HT1– max – noncoherent 32bit/400 – free HT controller and implementation help

1996end – AMD K6-2 (MMX+64KbL1+конв. FPU), Cyrix куплен NatSemi, AMD развивает SuperSocket7: AGP, SDRAM PC100, 75/83/100FSB(25/28/33 PCI)
1997start – ATI aquires Tseng Labs's graphics assets, adopted engineer’s team, launches Rage128, Intel aquires Chips&Technologies(DX5¬ebook), Nvidia Riva128
1997 – 0.25, K6-2 3DNow+ 166-300 MHz, PentiumMMX, PII, AGP, K7 announce
1998 – 0.25, K6-3D 400 MCP128KbL2 (IBM's C4), PowerNow, AMD-Motorola 0.18 copper alliance, fab usage, PowerPC@HT, 3Dfx Voodoo3(32-bit), buys STB, Nvidia Riva128ZX (OpenGL ICD), Intel acquire Real3D: i740, AGP2x, Riva TNT, Rage128MAXX, OpenSource initiative, viable Linux desktop(3%), OS2 share 40%, PerfectOffice 35%.
1998 – DEC выделяет бизнес Alpha – API. 21264@HT. AMD (использует архитектурные наработки), Compaq (альтернатива Intel/HP IA64) покупают часть API. Soft support UNIX-Tru64(web, science),WinNT, Linux.
1999start – K7 Athlon/Opteron 400..700 (SSE, 0.25, 128KbL1, MCP(IBM's C4 flip-chip) 512-2048L2), ThermalControl, heatspreader, SocketHT 1 link ↑↓ up to 2*32bit 600 MHz 4.8 GB/s.
Чипсеты: Athlon – 1 link (↑↓ 2*16bit 400 MHz 1.6 GB/s) (VIA(AMDtuned) –AGP4x+64bit SDR133), Opteron chipset – up to 4 links (AMD+Alpha: 256bit ECC SDRAM NB with PCI-X). “Ahead the race – Athlon/MORE Perfomance for the same price”
1999-2001 Неудачи Intel с RDRAM, Itanium, 0.18 старшими 0.18 P3, 0.18 Pentium4
1999 – ATI acquired ArtX, Via – Centaur и Cyrix, S3 (Dec1998–license to Intel's "P6" and future bus designs) teems up with Via and refines S3 2000, S3 doesn’t buy Diamond Multimedia, AMD builds up Fab30 200-мм 0,18, TNT2, Rage128Pro, Rage128MAXX Pro, DX6.1(Win98SE), DX7 (Win2000), Radeon256 (pureDX7->simple->fast, HyperZ, 4*1, SDR&DDR), Geforce256, PIII, AGP4x, i820, 3Dfx acquires Gigapixel (tile Giga3D), AMDATI chipset NB: HT+64bit133MhzSDRAM+integratedRage
2000 – Intel acquires Matrox (бренд, опыт, нет DX7+ чипов), Creative buys out Aureal (bankrupcy), Nvidia buys out 3Dfx, GeForce2GTS, Nvidia’s and ATI’s 128bit SDRAM SocketHT чипсеты (ATI–южный мост Ali), Flipper (DX8.1 GameCube, Wii), Intel-Amd x86-extensions crosslicensing (SSE2,x64), AMD lets UMC, TSMC manufacture K5+, K6 to stiffen low-end competition with Intel & Via in socket7 segment.
2000end – 0.18 K8 AthlonXP/Athlon64/Opteron 800-1200, 256Kb L2, x86-64, SocketHT2-800 (backward compatible with SocketHT), 1/2/4 links HT2 (↑↓[2*16bit]800MHz 3.2GB/s) (3-other CPUs,1-chipset/memory), heatspreader, Alpha 21364 (EV7) (4 links 32bit HT2, dual DDR), MS DX8, ATI Radeon2 (8500)(pureDX8->simple->fast(325MHz), HyperZ, 4*2), Geforce3, Nvidia’s and ATI’s 128bit DDR SocketHT чипсет, Nvidia in XBOX.

2001 – HP buys Compaq, AMD continues Alpha development, DX8.1 (WinXP), Athlon 2000+, P4 2000, Sun’s Opteron HT2 adoption and DDR chipset.
2002 – Intel acquires 3Dlabs (DX9.0, OpenGL2 P10), AMD merges with ATI, OS2 OpenGL2 GLSL, 0,15 R300(R9700), 0,13 K8 3000+, AGP8x, AMD-IBM 0.09 alliance, ATI Imageon, Via buys S3 graphics division with DX9 chip designs
2003 – AMD buys Sensaura и Ali(Uli)-for southbridge techs, SIS –Trident. DX9,Win2003. Geforce 5x00(NV30), October – 9800XT. Freescale, Chartered make 0.13 Athlon64s for AMD. AMD lets UMC, TSMC to make K7s, widening supply, propagation and adoption of AMD HT platform.
ATI quickly advances over Nvidia in manufacturing tech, XBOX360: dualcoreK8+R500(unified arch), all cards with CrossFire(HT2) link to AMD’s chipset –for fast CPU/mem access, external IO chip-commutator (HT, PCIE, CF, RAMDAC, TDMS, sound) in hi-end cards, CF Fusion mode (hardware transparent association of chips/their resources). MS decided to invest in AMD-ATI to secure XBOX360 hardware development. Also invests in UMC to secure XBOX360 hardware manufacturing.
2004 – AMD builds up 300-мм Fab 36 (in operation – 2006 65 нм), 21464 EV8 (SMT), DDR2, AGP – 95% market share, May – R420 0,13low-k 16*1, September– X700, 6600, October – 0.11low-k R430 16*1 (DX9+, HyperMemory in low-end), K8MCP 1/2/4 cores (../DUAL/QUADRO)
2005 – 0.09, May – R440 Radeon X900 (24*1), Gf7800, September – X950, Gf7900, K9 X2 (native dualcore+DDR2[3]), 3Dsound on DX9+ видеоядре карты/чипсета, 2-4 chips Crossfire via HT, “More power at less power”, Fusion MCP for low-end/mobile: CPU+X300HT-DDR2/DDR3”, XBOX360. IBM sells PC division to Lenovo, Microsoft and IBM buys great AMD share. End of Motorola collaboration. Sell of Alpha division.
2006 – Intel Conroe ("PentiumPro strikes back"/"PentiumPro alive and kicking" ;-) )(0.065 dualcore 64bit, FB-DIMM), AMD K9 (half-quadcore design ;-), L3 cash, optimized perfomance on lower clocks), 0.09 256bit GDDR4(2500GHz) DX10 Radeon1800 (24 ROP + 32 TMU, DX9 and Crossfire driver optimization, external interface chip (HDMI/TDMI/TVOut/Audio/Crossfire) and 384bit GDDR3(1600GHz) Geforce8800, ATI FireStream – CAD/DCC/GPGPU (science, phisics) calculations on scalable multichip visualisation cluster complex
Nvidia buys Transmeta for CPU technologies
2007 – 0.08 Radeon 1850 256bit GDDR4@3200(DX10.1–hardware tesselator) & Gf8900 (pure DX10), 1600…, Vista, 0.045 K10 dualcore(H1), MCP’ed quads
Intel buys Havok, AMD buys PhysX
Situation2007 – strong chipsets/platform (HT3 (PCIE compatible), advanced integrated graphics, up-to-date peripherals), discrete graphic (new architecture, HT3 interconnect, scalable multicore, great mem bus, step ahead manufacturing process, ray-tracing tech on quadcore), strong CPUs (HT3, Alpha, Phenom K10, low-end K7+, handheld ARM+Imageon+DMB/DVB, wide using third-party production capacities, market share – 50% CPUs & platforms, 66% graphics), flexible supply system – chip end configuration near customer site throw CPU bridges reconfiguring, 3Dsound developer.



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